As usual, each of these technologies has its goods and its bads. The key distinction is the way they transmit data over the network. OLT and GPON use time-division multiplexing as their transmission method. That is, they alternate who sends information, which can be extremely efficient. EPON, however, transmits data using wavelength division multiplexing. This method uses multiple signals sent simultaneously, also a potentially powerful approach.
Considerations When Choosing Between OLT, EPON, And GPON One top of mind that you have to think about: how complex is your network? If it's a basic network that just needs to get a few devices connected, you may not require the enhanced features that OLT or GPON provides. If the above is true in your case, then this may be an EPON case that does not require a high-cost deployment.
Another key consideration is the speed of internet you require. GPON is known for being the fastest among the three – making it an ideal choice for businesses needing fast internet speed for video calls, gaming, etc., or downloading large amounts of data. But GPON is also an expensive option and not everyone will need this capability.
EPON, on the other hand, is more economical and convenient than GPON, and is very appropriate for smaller networks. It is easier to learn and therefor use which is why this is a great option for homes/small businesses. EPON does have lower latency as well, which allows it to respond more quickly to requests. However, it might fail to keep up with the high bandwidth requirements of big companies that need a substantial amount of data transfer.
Of the three, GPON is the fastest technology which is why it is excellent for businesses that must serve dozens of users simultaneously. It can handle multiple devices without any issues. However, given its high capabilities, GPON is also more expensive than other optical options, making it less desirable for smaller businesses that may not require such speeds.
Once you have concluded to adopt OLT, OPEX, or GPON in your network, there is a great number of things you have to note. However, an important aspect you must take into consideration is whether your present infrastructure will be compatible with the technology you opt for. If the technology you want to use is not compatible with your existing equipment, you will have to invest in new equipment, and that can elevate your costs as well.
You also have to consider how much it will cost to implement new technology. In general, OLT and GPON deployment procedure is costlier compared to EPON, so for some users, EPON is relatively more economical. Also think about how much technical expertise is needed to deploy and operate these technologies. It means that some technologies may require more technical personnel to run them well.