IMibuzo-Mashayensi akhona eShenzhen Think Tides Communication Technology Co., Ltd

Umfibi wesiqithini esilungiselelwe kwiqhawe (FTTH), enguqukethwe ukuthi umfibi wesiqhathelo esilungiselelwe kwiqhawe (FTTP), yintoni yokuqaphela kunye nokusebenzisa komkhankho wefile yemfihlakalo kusukela iphuzu elikhulu ngokwesikhashana kwenzelela amakhaya ekupheleni njengamanzi, iide house, iibuilding yesixhobo kunye neebusiness lokuhlala ngenqanawe kwindawo yokugcina nge-internet enkangelamandla. FTTH uhlanganyelwa isiqu zokuxhumana ezifanelekayo emva kokuthi zisetyenziswa ngaso kakhulu.

UMsebenzi wokuxhasa kweFibre yaseTheulu (FTTH) uyimiswe ukuba uzoba amandla okukhangela kunye nokuphucula kwezinye ezi-100 imigibithi yesikhephe (Mbps). Amandla apha azivumelana ngeminyaka engu-20 kunye nengu-100 kwiindawo ezinikezayo zokugcina nge-modem yekhabha noma DSL (Digital Subscriber Line). Ukufakwa kwesikhatsi esikhulu sesiqalele umthetho wesixhumanisi xa kufuneka uqaphele iindlela ezintsha zokuthumela phakathi komphendulo wokuqala wezi-zilayithi ezifanayo nge-fibre yaseTheulu kususela kwiindawo ezizenzakalo. Zingaphambili izikhali somdlalosemva kokuba zaziqashelwe nge-Fibre ecurb (FTTC). Ukuthi ukuqashelwa kwe-Fibre ecurb (FTTC) ungene ukuba ziqukethe iindlela le-fibre elandelayo kwiicurba ezihlanganiswa nezindaweni, kunye nesigaba sasendaweni esebenza ngesigaba semkhuhlane esincinci esisetyenziswa ukuthumela amandla phakathi kwebulungiswa noma kwiindawo ezinzuzwano.

Isiphumo sokubhekiselela kwe-FTTH nguqukumbi lokuba liqhumeleka i-fibre ngokushesha kwiindawo ezizenzakalo. Luhlola ukuthi liqasha i-fibre lesikhulu futhi lizama ukuthi libe ngokushesha kwindawo yokuthumela amandla emkhuhlaneyo. I-fibre lisethemile amandla ngokusebenzisa amahlo ukuthi libe ngokushesha kufika kweziphumo ezinhle.

Iimfomu zokufakelwa kwezicatshulwa ezithile (FTTH) zilungiselelwa ngokushesha njenge: amafayela amaphantsi amadibanisana kunye nomphendvulo ongcinci, ziyahlala kwiqhakamsele lokugcina amafayela (FDH), phakathi kwesiqhakamsele sesikhephe somgca wosenzo (NAP), kwaye phakathi kulandelayo kususela ngaphandle komkhulu ngemfuyo ofunekayo ukuba yehleli box enqanaweni.

Ngoku kwiqhutywa kwabanye abafundi ngokuthi zidinga amandla enkulu yokulayisha, abasebenzisi bezixhaswe kufuneka zisebenzele isimo esilungileyo sokuhlola ukusetyenziswa kokuba kunye nokuhlanganisa izindlela ezifana neziphi. Ngakho ke, ukukhuluma kwe-FTTx technology kukholelwa xa abantu bengxoxweni obuciko lwayo lokuhlola imedia yesicelo somphumela. FTTx, ngenxa yoko, inamandla iyo kutsiwe ngokugcina ukuba ngokwesobizo lokuhlola amandla angaphandle kwezindlu ezinomsindo. Ngenxa yomoya omkhulu wesobizo, FTTx zingena ngeminyaka eminingi, njenge-FTTH, FTTN, FTTC, FTTB, FTTP, kwaye oku kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zizoba zithathelwa ngendlela eyona.

FTTB/FTTC (Fiber To The Building): I-OLT inqumelela i-ONUs ecoridori (FTTB) noma emanzini (FTTC) ngumoya wesihlanu wesiphumo lesifayetha (ODN). Ama-ONU angqumelela izintlawu zombini ngokusebenza nge-xDSL. FTTB/FTTC ifanele kuzikhali zasendaweni ezinomsindo okuthile nokuxhasa labo. Lolu hlangothi, FTTB/FTTC isetyenziswa ukwenza imisebenzi yesibhedlela esidingiweyo kwezinyezi ezidingiweyo.

FTTD (Fiber To The Desktop): usebenzisa amandla akhona apho kwezindawo zabanye abantu ukusetshenziswa ukuphatha imfuyo kuzilaliphi izingxoxo ze-FTTH.

FTTH (Fiber To The Home): I-OLT inqumelela i-ONT ezindaweni zabanye abantu ngumoya wesihlanu wesiphumo lesifayetha (ODN). FTTH ifanele kuzikhali ezincinci ezishintsweni nawe zivili ezinewelekileyo. Lolu hlangothi, FTTH isetyenziswa ukwenza imisebenzi yesibhedlela sokubonakalelayo kwezinyezi ezidingiweyo.

FTTO (Fiber To The Office): OOLT uhlanganisiwe nge ONUs yamagcindeya ngaphandle kwe ODN inethiwork. AmaONU anahlanganisana neamandla amasetyenziselwano kwe user terminals ngokuse FE, POTS, okanye Wi-Fi. Ukugqunywa kwe QinQ VLAN kukwenziwa kwiamaONU nokweOLT. Ngoku kunjalo, izichannel ezincedwayo nezitholakalo zidingekile zizosethelayo phakathi kweemipondo ephakathi kweendaweni zokugcina eziningi lapho, futhi ngoko ke idatha yeservisi ne BPDUs phakathi kweemipondo yomphakathi yokugcina eziningi azikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngokuphansopho kweentloko. FTTO iyiphathela kweendaweni yokugcina. Kulesi sikhathi, uFTTO uyenza i-TDM PBX, IP PBX, nokusebenzisa umsebenzi wewhile kweendaweni yokugcina.

FTTZ (Fiber To The Zone): irefayileyo kwiqhutywa lemfibha. Umthombo ophakathi komkhuhle wase FTTx usebenzisa ukufumana imininingwane yefibha, okugqwetshwe kwisebe sasendaweni yokusebenza emazweni entlaleni kusukela kumsebenzi wesentloko esendaweni sokusebenza emazweni entlaleni kusukela kumsebenzi wesentloko esendaweni sokusebenza emazweni entlaleni kusukela kumsebenzi wesentloko esendaweni sokusebenza emazweni entlaleni kusukela kumsebenzi wesentloko esendaweni sokusebenza emazweni entlaleni kusukela kumsebenzi wesentloko esendaweni sokusebenza emazweni entlaleni. Imisebenzi yesentloko sesentloko siya kubuka nge-OLT (Optical Line Terminal) kunye nokusebenzi kwesicwangciso siya kubuka nge-ONU (Optical Network Unit) noma Optical Network Terminal (ONT).

FTTF (Fiber-To-The-Frontage): Lento ingaba ifihlwayo ne-FTTB. Kwimvulo wefibha ekufeni lapho, yintoni yindlela ye-fiber node iyithumele isicatshulwa esingabo. Le nto ingena ukuba zikhale amanani angamashumi amabili ngokusebenzisa u-XG-fast technology. Ifiber node inakwaziswa ngokuphucula phakathi komodi ya kusukela.

Isiqhutyusa esiphakamisayo (PON) yisisitayile esifuna ukuthatha amafibha amacable kunye namasignali omncedisiwe kanye nangemva kokunye kwindawo yokugcina. Ukudibanisa kokuba kuphi indawo iphumeleleyo PON, sisistayile singathetha njenge-fiber-to-the-curb (FTTC), fiber-to-the-building (FTTB), noma fiber-to-the-home (FTTH).

Isixhumanisi esisodwa esethelwa kwiqhosha lemfazwe luhlanganiswa kunye nokuthi kulandelwe kwindawo yokugcina kwabanye abantu abahlukele amafayitha. Ukuphindaphinda kuhlola kusetyenziswa ukuvumela ukuhlola. Amasiliso amaphandle akhulangana ngokusebenzisa uprotokolo lweminye eminileyo, ngokubanzi xa yintoni idolophu yedivishini yekufakelwa (TDMA).

UMsebenzi wePON wahlukene nekhwaleli elomthwalo olude (OLT) ekwenzeni i-service provider ngehub noma indawo yesentra nombili nesinye sinamandla amaphatheni amacala we-optical (ONUs) noma Amathambo Amanxaso we-Optical (ONTs), ngaphandle kweendaweni zokugcina.

Iindlela zokuhlala ezifanayo kwe-SFU zinakwazi ukubulawa njenge-ukhishini lwe-Layer2, ngoku akukho imfanelo yefuthi; HUG yi-ukhishini lwe-Layer3 ngenkxaso yefuthi kunye nokuba ngaphandle kwe-SFU, ungenkxaso yokugcina esikhenkene.

UMkhombomthombo wokufinyelela we-Media (MAC Address) ngu-MAC Address, futhi yakhiwa njengama-LAN Address, Ethernet Address, okanye Physical Address. Yinketho iyasebenzisa ukumazwana iphakathi leentsha enqanekayo. Ku-modeli yase-OSI, umthakathisi wesithathu wesineti unesiphiwo somphumela we-IP, kunye nomthakathisi wesibini wesixhasa lesihlanganyelwe somphumela we-MAC. Umkhombomthombo wokufinyelela we-Media (MAC Address) usebenzisa ukumazwana ukuphakamisana kwesethelo sesethenteni. Ukuba ligcindelekile elise-nethu, ifanele leyiyo lokuhlola amandla ase-neti ayiqhelekanga nokuba kukho okanye amandla angaphezu kwaloo mthombo.

Umnotho omuvini olwandle lwesayithi (VLAN) yilishumi lezinto ezinethemba neziceleni ezinokubekwa ngaphandle komkhakha wakhe, kodwa zinokubhukisana ngenqanawe yokugcino, nokusebenza kwaye nokuhlola, futhi bazifuneka babhalise ngaphandle komkhakha wakho wesayithi. i-VLAN yindlela eyafuneka, iyahlala kwi-layitha 2 kunye nomlayitha 3 kwesayithi sase-OSI. i-VLAN yilethu lomphilo, kunye nokuhlola phakathi kwezi VLAN zingapheleleyo ngaphandle kwezi router ze-layitha 3. Ukuphinde ukufuna nokulula kwezinto eziphumela kwi-traditional LAN technology, i-VLAN technology inenkinga eliphakamisayo, lokhu kungaba: ukususa okulandelwa ngokushintsha ukwenza nokuba kuhlola amandla, ungene ukubaleka amapheli, ungaphumelela ukumenziswa, kunye nokungena umncedo wesayithi.

PPPOE yindlela yokuphetha ngeendaweni (PPP) iyaphakamiswa kwi-Ethernet ngokugcinwe kwenqanawa yomthombo wokuqhuma okuyintoni edluleyo ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPP protocol, ndawo yakwesobunxele Ethernet ayiqinisekanga ukuthi akufinyelelayo ukuthi ukuhlonishwa, ukusinyezela nokubonisa, kunjalo akhiwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-cable modem nokulandelana ne-digital subscriber line ku-Ethernet protocol yokusetshenziswa kumntu.

SNMP ifanele yi-Simple Network Management Protocol, okungaba indlela eyayiphephile lokusebenzela ukudibana komdabu we-IP network nodes, njengama-server, amaworkstation, amarouter, amaswitch, kunye nesiya. Yindlela yesithathu esetyenziswa. Inqanawa ye-SNMP yenziwa ukuba abasebenzisi bomdabuko bakwamanje bakwamandla ukubona isenzo sesobunxele somdabuko, ukukhuluma nokuthola izigodiso zomdabuko, kunye nokubala ukubaluleka komdabuko. SNMP ineenkcukacha ezintathu ezikhoyo: umngca womdabuko, umthombo owahlonishwayo, kunye nomsebenzisi.

Umphumela omkhulu phakathi kwe-GPON kunye no-EPON nguqo lwamandla oluninzi. U-GPON ulayishwa ngu-ITU-TG.984 kunye no-EPON ulayishwa ngu-IEEE802.3ah. Ngokwesetyenziso, i-GPON inani lamabandwidth laliphi lelilikhulu kwi-EPON, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kukho lokungcono, umandla wokusondziswa kwisebe sikhona ukukhangelwa, ungene amandla amabandwidth, uhlalele amagama okugcinwa, akufuneka kulandelwe ngokupheleleyo kwisebe kunye nokusebenza kwe-QoS, kodwa kukho ukubonisa, ngakho ndawonyana yakhe yahlula kunye no-EPON, kodwa ngeendlulumente yokusetshenziswa kwe-GPON, i-EPON kunye no-GPON ikholelwa imali engaphambili.

I-Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON), ifinyeleyo ephawulwe ngu-IEEE 802.3ah, yindlela ye-network yesiyo esisisekelweni sasendaweni kusukela nokuphuma (Pt-MPt) esebenzisa amakhamba omakhefu omkhulu, ngenqanawe zokugalelo olunye ukuxhasa le-siyo. I-EPON ibhala ngumehluko ongisho i-MPCP (Multi-Point Control Protocol), okusetshenziswa amesijenti, amastate mashini, kunye ne-timers yokubhaliweko ku-P2MP topology. Yeyiphi lwe-ONU kulesiyo somkhulu we-P2MP ungenzi labo abantwana babekho be-MPCP protocol, ezifundelela nabanye abantu bengxoxweni nge-MPCP ngo-OLT. Ngokuqondile kwe-EPON/MPCP protocol kukho i-P2P Emulation Sublayer, engenisisa umkhulumane wesetyenziso wase-P2MP ukuba ikho lokuhlola imibhalo enge-P2P links kwi-protocol eliphakamisileyo (kunye nokuthi khona phakathi kwe-MAC Client). Ukufakelwa kwabo kuhlanganisiwa ngokubuka i-Logical Link Identification (LLID) ekusho kwindawo yokugcinwa yepakethi, ukuze ubuyekeze amabhedu ayiphi emigalweni. Ngaphandle, kukhonjwa kokusebenzela, ukuphatha nokufakelwa komoya (OAM) kukhona ukusombulula ukusebenza kwenqanawe nokuthola ukungafuneki.

IGeephoni yeGPON (Gigabit-Capable PON) iyithupha elisetyenzisiwe ngokwesintu sokuqalekileyo kwisebe lokusebenza ngenqanawe yobandwidth engeITU-TG.984.x standard. Ingaba lokhu kunye neziqhuthu ezininzi njengamabandwidth amacala, umphumelelo okuhlu, ubungakho olusha nokulula ukuxhasa kokuba kwi-interfaces yokugcina. Bayaziyo abasebenzisi abangaphambili bazingeni ukuthi i-access network uzogcina ngenqanawe yesebi lokusebenza, ukuze kube yonke le technology. YeGPON yakhiwe ngu-FSAN ngomhla we-September 2002. Ngokuhlwaningeni lokhu, ITU-T yakwethemba yakwenza ukufundisa kweITU-T G.984.1 kunye noG.984.2 ngoMarth 2003 kunye noG.984.3 ngumhla wokuFebruwari kunye nomGuku-Juni 2004. Lolu hlobo lwakhiwa lwayo lwakhiwa lwesiGPON.

EPON uyinkampani yenye into yokugcina kwisebe so-Ethernet yilokhu ixhasa isicelo 802.3 sokuphucula komoya kwindawo yokugcina we-optical, ukufuneka kuhlawule inani lesigidi lesibonakalisi sokuqala, uprotokolo olungapheliwe, utebhu lokulula nokulula kakhulu kunye nokuba kuninzi imibhalo.

I-GPON iyiphathisiwe kwi-industri yamakhono amaphandle ngokuthi akufanele ukuba ngenqanawe yokusebenza, ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhathi sokusebenza nokuhlola izinhlelo ezibonakalayo nokuthi zihluke kakhulu. Iphrojekitha ukuthi "zesizeni zibe londawo kunye nezi zinike iindlela ezidingekayo kunye nokuthi zikusetyenziswa ngokukhona."

Kwesiqephu, i-EPON kunye ne-GPON bayahlala bazo babazini kunye nabanye, phakathi kwezimali zokusebenza i-GPON uyahamba kakhulu kune-EPON, kodwa i-EPON inceda isikhatsi kunye nemali, i-GPON icala, ukubuka emuva kwemaketi wokuhlola indlela yokuhlanganisa okungavunyelwe, kuya kufuneka kube kusenzeniso kunye nokuphucula. I-GPON izohlala kakhulu ngumntu omkhulu ongene ngokushesha, ukusebenza kakhulu, QoS kunye nokugcina ulwandle nokuthi ATM technology ikhona ngokulandelana. Ngumntu ophathiswayo, QoS, nokugcina ulwandle, okungenzeleleyo, i-EPON ibe yinto engculayo.

Ukukhetha umphathi wentsha ofanele yomthombo yakho ungukholela ukuphinda ukuthi lokhu kungcono. Kunezinye iiziphumselelo ezidingiswa ukuyiqinisekisa, njengemfundo weentsha nemibono yayo, ispeed zedatha, amabandhu aziphumela, imali, uphawu lwabaholo kunye nomunye. Nangona amanqaku aluhlola ukuba uhlale ngokubheka ngokuqinisekisana nendawo yakho:

1. Cala ngaphambili ukuseta imithetho esilandelayo kunye nokuhlanganiswa elandelayo. Qonda ukuthi ubonakaliselwa ngonyaka oluhlinzekileyo kunye nokuthi ubone lapho uzoba usetyenziswa edatha ngonyaka olufuthe. Funa ukuba ungene kwiinkcukacha ezazisetyenziswa kunye nokuthi bazingabi khona ukuba zikhutsheke umphathi wentsha ofunekwe.

2. Ngemuva kokwaseta imithetho esilandelayo kunye nokuthi uzoba usetyenziswa, qala ukusebenzisa umphathi wentsha ngalendawo lakho. Bheka izicatshulwa zezilungu kwisebe kunye nokuba uzivumele ukuphinde ukubhala amaphepha angamkhonto wobizo wesikhashana wesingaziwayo kunye nokuba uzityipha ukuba ube ngaphandle komphathi wentsha ofuna ukubheka.

3. Ngokukho uya kwenziwa amagama ezikhululekileyo zonke izicelo zezinhlobo, fumana into engeyiyo lokuhlola. Hambisa amalishi kunye nokuthola iindlela ezidingekayo. Qaphela ukubona indlela yokugqibela data, ukuba kunye nesilongo semikhi esisisekelwe yenza sekhono kunye nokuba inqwaba yesixhobo sikhona. Bheka ukuba umthengi wenze lula elinye liyindawo yokuphela.

4. Ngokuqondisiwe, bheka into yokuxhasa lokusebenza kwesixhobo sesithathu. Uma utholiwe ngaphandle komsebenzi wesixhobo, ungene nomhluko ngaphambi kokufika? Funa imibuzo yokuthi ukuba ungakho ukwenzelwa ndlela yokuxhasa lokusebenza kuhlu. Ngokushesha bheka ukuba abahamba bayayingene ukuthandaza kunye nokuthi bafuneka ukususa? Bayasebenzisa isixhobo sesixhasa senziwe 24/7 okanye kunye nokuba ngamaxesha amaninzi?

5. Phantsi, fumana ukuba yintoni ukuthi yiziphumo zokungakhetha kwezinhlobo zomsebenzi wesiqhathaniso. Banokungakhetha ngokuvikeleleyo okanye banokungabonakali ukuthi abangena ngokubanjiswa? Ukuba babenziwe ngokulandelana nendlela yokubuyiselwa kwiqhathaniso leyo? Ukuba usizo wesixhobo sakho sikhona ngokwesiqhelo?

Ngokubheka amandla angaphambili, ungayityala inqanawe yenethiwekisini engasetyenziswa yonke imithombo yakho.

Ngokubanzi kwi-gide yomthwalo wokuhlala, uzokujonga ukuthi ngapha ucinga lokuhlola ispeedi sibroadband ngemali encinci ukuba uphumelele ispeedi sobroadband ngekhona elandelayo esabelweyo ngokupheleleyo.

1. Bheka amanani akho angaphakathi xa kunjalo kungabangakanani okwangoku ungcacile . Izicatshulwa ezinethandlela zombili zingafanele nokuthi izidingo zakho zizoba zisithathelise ukuthi imphendulo yakho yokusebenza kakhulu ngaphansi kancinane, futhi kuhluke kakhulu ngokuphinda-phindi.

Kufunekabakhokha ukukhangela izidingo zakho xa zonke iindlela ezilandelayo azisebenzi, kunye nokuziphindaphinda kwezindlela ezilandelayo ezikhona ekhaya nezindaweni zakho zezisebenza ukufinyelela kwesayithi (ngokusho, ukufaka uphethu).

Kufuneka uqhumele isicwangciso sesixhaso sompendulo omkhulu kwaye usetyenziswa ngokwesobizo ukusuka kwesayithi, esiqinileyo nokuba yinto engenayo yokugqibela. Izimdlobomgca zokusobizo zeziqondisiwe zityipha imigomo yasemva kancinci kokuba zisetyenziswa ngokwesobizo noma ukuseta ‘sync’ esizidinga umoya, ndawonke zizifuna ukuba zikusasa kancinci. Ngokushesha, uma ungenayo uphendulo lwesayithi lwe-fibre kunye nomncedzo wokuqhubeka ngokuya kuqala emaxwebheni akukho into okuyingekelo yokuba uzityipha ngokuya kwi-80 Mbps, izimdlobomgca zokusobizo / imigomo yakwamava zakusasa ngokuya kuqala e-74-75 Mbps.

2. Zityipha lokuhlola lokulula (>30 Mbps) noma ulula lokulula (>100 Mbps) phendulo wesayithi . Ukuvumelana namandla, zityipha lokuhlola lokulula kakhulu kancinci kwezintsha phendulo ukuba ungakwazi (kwaye ungazimiselela imali nje).

Ngaphandle kwe-95% izindlu ezihlukileyo nezikhaya ezininzi eNgiyelende kulula kuzoza kuhlanganisa phendulo lokuhlola lokulula, ngezinye eziphumaphathisiweyo ngokuthi ziziziphi i-30 Mbps, kodwa ezangeni abanye abaningi ababizwa bayenza amaxesha anguqukethwe kuyo . Ukuze uqale ukuthiwa kwi-servisi ezincane ngokushesha kwiseva yethu, siyazi ukuba ufune ukwenza lokho. Ngaphandle kokuthi usenziwe ukuthi udinga amandla ekwakhiwe, i-applications engaze zidinga amandla angazange azisebenzise ngokukhoyo ngokusebenzisa umbufferbloat (oku kuhlala ngenkxaso yokugcina). Ukungenziwe ukuthi awuninzi i-superfast noma ultrafast broadband services kwiseva yakho, hamba ukuvavanya isitunzi esisodwa sakhona ngoba le nto imbalulekileyo ngoku.

Fola inqwelo yakho yokubuyela ukuthiwe kwi-servisi sokungapheli eliphantsi lokhu okungabangako kwi-website zakuphucula izinani zemali, asikhulumayo servisi zombini zibekelwe ngokushesha, nombili ayikho nokulandelana noMgwabo noma i-Electricity.

Kulomhla – ngokusho kwesinye isithombe sikufuneka - ungathintele ku-servisi sokuthiwa kwebroda ephantsi kunye nokuhamba imali . Ngokuthiwa kweOfcom, kukhonjwa i-8.8 million ikheli le-broadband abafuneka babuyeke kwi-servisi sokungapheli noma uzame imali ngokubuyela ngekhontrakthi ngesinye isebenzisi sokuthiwa kwebroda kunye nokuthintele kusona.

Bheka kwindawo yokuthenga okuncinci, ngoba bazingeni ukukhetha amakhulu asemandla, ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezidingiweyo, ukususa amaspeed ayiphi indlela yokulayisha nokuphucula, ukususa amaspeed ngemva kokusebenza kwesikhashana esikhathini sokugcina noma ukungena imisebiso yesithunzi esebenzayo esincinci. Bonke abantu babangene ngekhona babalulekile ukuba babekwe modemu yezinye izinto ezincedwe.

3. Uma awufumane i-fixed broadband esihlakanyiswayo, faka amanye amagama kunye ne-4G mobile. Ngokubhidisiwe nguOfcom, zizinto ezi-1.6 million eliphakeme lase-UK alifumanekanga i-fixed broadband yenkululeko (naye ilayishwa amaspeed amaphandle kwe-30 Mbps), kunye nezi-650,000 eliphakeme alifumanekanga i-fixed broadband esihlakanyiswayo (naye ilayishwa amaspeed amaphandle kwe-10 Mbps). Uma ungenakufumana i-fast fixed broadband services, kungaba amanani amabini amaningi angavumelekanga kunguwe, njenge:

• U-Fixed Wireless Access, ubhekiselele ngamandla wesayithi we-wireless ezivamile ezindaweni ezincinci.

• isayithi esilayishwa ngamandla yesayithi esingeyabo ngokugcina noma, ngonyaka omtsha, lowo oluhlukene ngo-Earth orbit (ngokubanzi Starlink)

• i-4G mobile broadband.

Kwesiqhelo, izicwangulo zokuhlanganiswa ngeWi-Fi azikho eziqondisiwe ngaphandle kwisezantsi lokuphela, futhi angakho amandla ahlukileyo ukungena kwiindlela ezininzi lezindawo ezinethemba ngekhonkco ethunyelwe. Ngokugcina, izicwangulo zokuhlanganiswa nge-satellite zikhona umthombo ofanele. Kodwa, akuzange sikuhlola izicwangulo zokuhlanganiswa nge-satellite ezithathelwe yamathe ngesatellite egeostationary, ngoba zisetyenziswa nendawo engcono yamava edata kunye nezinye zilimi elingekayo (amahhori). Lokhu kufuneka isebenza ngokushintsha imibhalo yesetyenziso esezisetyenziswa kakhulu (ngokubanzi Netflix) noma iindlela ezidinga ukusetyenziswa ngokungaphezulu (ngokuba Zoom kunye noSkype).

Uma awunayo i-4G kwi-layithi lakho kunye nokuthi ungene ngokuqondile (ADSL) broadband, fumana inxalenye yesikhephe. Ukubuka kwesikhathi usetyenziswa kukukhetha amaninzi amabhenethu e.g. ukungena isilayiseli esingabo (e.g. idesktop PC eseyenza imisebenzi) nge-connection yantathu kunye nokungena amandla anganye nge-connection yesibini. Ukubuka kwezinye izinto zityenziselwa ngu-router enezindaba ezibalanced, okuningi lokuvumelekileyo lizozibona phakathi kwezindawo ezidingekayo ne-router. Ngokwesobizo, umbiko wesiphephelo kunye nokutheni kuhlu, kunye nokuphela ukuthi kudingeka, kulula ukusebenza nge-bonded ADSL service (ifumanekayo ngezinye iziprovider). Lolu kufuneka, e.g., amalayiseli amabili amancamane amaphandle kwenze imigca engcono yi-6 Mbps connection.

4. Hlangene amandla angavela nge-Ethernet cables, kunye nokuhlala phambi kwe-powerline adapters . Ngokugcinwa, umntu omunye wakhiwa ukuba uqhubele amaxwebhu okanye ezikhundleni zayo ezindaweni zakhe nokulandelana ngaphandle komkhulu kuzama ukuba iziphandliso ziphume ngenqanawe kunye neentsha (latency) kunye nenkululeko yenqanawe (jitter). Oko kungayifunyanisa imisebenzi yezinto eziphathelene nomoya engaphezulu ekuphethweni (e.g. Netflix) kunye nezinto ezidinga ukukhutshwe kwesikhashana (ngoko ke online gaming kunye neSkype kunye neZoom).

Ngokushesha, qhubele amaxwebhu a akuvumelanga ukusuka-kusukela (ngokubanzi i-smart TVs, i-set-top boxes, i-media streamers, igaming consoles kunye ne-desktop PCs) nge-Ethernet cables ngoba umthombo wenza amagcino emangalisayo, ngokubanzi ukuba ubhekisele uphawu oluhambisayo / olusobekayo lwe-video kunye nokuthola lokuhlula kwindawo yokususa.

Yibonelela iWi-Fi yamaxwebhu akuvumelanga ukusuka-kusukela, njengemitha yamanje. Ukusebenziswa kwe-traffic kwiWi-Fi engasekupheli ukuba ayiphumeleleyo ngokwesixa (ngokubanzi trafiki leNetflix elihamba ngokukhulu lapho), uzoba ungene ukuba uhlelwe phakathi kwamaxwebhu amaphandle okudinga ukuseta.

Siyaqinisekisa ukuba kakhulu amadoda angayithanda ukubuyisela isingxolo esiyaziyo sokugcina imikhaba ye-Ethernet ngaphandle komkhaya wabo, kodwa lokhu libonakale ngokwesintsho lento yokuvula futhi yinto oluncinci okungabizwa ukwenza ku-home network yakho, kunye neziqhaza ezincinci! Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlawulwa kwenziwe, lokhu kwenziwe, uzibophelela nokufika kwiindawo ezininzi zomdledi ukusuka ngezindlela ezidingekayo. Ukuphawuliwa kwemikhaba yesethombo ethile kunye nokucacileyo kwenzelela umsebenzi wokuhlawulwa (ngokushesha, phakathi kwebhedi) into engaqondanisiyo.

Ngokugcina ukusebenza imikhaba kungaba usetyenziswa njengenyango, sicela uzingabezele umahluko we-powerline adapters njenge-umthombo wesethombo se-Ethernet. Izicwangciso zokubhaliweyo online zazivumelana nenkxaso ebesifuna ukuthi amandla ayingavumelekanga ukwenza lokho lokusebenza ngokulandelana. Ukuba usithathelela, siza uhlola amaphephandai ase-powerline amaningi akukho abe-eAmazon amaningi amahhovhu elungileyo. Kuneenkxaso encedisana apho izicelo zihlala zikhala noma zibeke izinkinga ezimbili. Sebenzisa imikhaba yesethombo siyinto esijwayelekanga; lokhu libekelela futhi imikhaba yayingaphezu kwegama.

5. Phinda ukusetha Wi-Fi yase 5 GHz noma yinto ebizwa ngokubanzi kwi-2.4 GHz kunye nokufinyelela amandla kwe-signal . Zinhlawuliwe zonke izibophelelo zakho ezifaneleyo neziqhathaniso lwe-Wi-Fi. Yintoni, kwindawo yokugcina lokunye, Wi-Fi ngumgca wokuqala wesikhenkano sokuthi wi-broadband, kunye nokuhlola kokuba ngaphambili nokuphucula (ukudelayo) kwi-presence ye-interference kunye ne-noise (ngokusho kwesigcino esisikhulu).

I-Wi-Fi routers zazama ukusebenzisa amabhande amabini amafomu - i-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz - kunye nokuba zonke iindlela ezintsha zisizelela amabhandeni angamabili (akwaziwayo, amabhizinisi okulandelayo ayiqale ngokusebenzela i-2.4 GHz). Lolu ncwadi olusetshenziswa nguWi-Fi router ngemvume oyo ngisho ukuba le nto ingezantsi kwi-SSID yobandakanye we-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz, kunye nokuba amabhande angamabili akuzange asetshenziswa, kunye nokuba kuneenkonzo ezimbini zokuthuthukisa.

Ngokucebo, iisignal ezinikezeli e-2.4 GHz zahamba ngaphambi kwezi z-5 GHz (okungakho ungenziwe ukuba lula nangaphandle), kodwa kukhona isandla esishumi elikhulu lokuhlala ekuphakamisweni kwi-2.4 GHz ngqo yezinto ezihlaleni kwi-5 GHz (kunye nomunye we-3 amachanali amabili amagcine a-20 MHz). Ngokugqibeleka, imigomo yezilimi ezifanele ku-2.4 GHz zizohlala ngoku kudala kunye no-5 GHz. Ukuthi, kukhona umthwalo okubanzi kakhulu kwi-2.4 GHz ngaphezulu kwe-5 GHz (ngokushesha, kwiindlela eziningi), efuna ukuba uphinde uphinde.

Uma ungayaziyo ukuba angako amaxwebhu omncane weWi-Fi osebenzisa ngokulandelana ne-2.4 GHz, siyazi somntu sithetha ngokukho ukuba u shut down umgca wesi-2.4 GHz ngaphandle komphendulo wakho weWi-Fi noma Access Point yakho. Lolu hlobo oluncedisiyo lokuhamba kuzoba ukufaka amaxwebhu wonke ukusebenza ngokulandelana ne-5 GHz. Uma kuna amaxwebhu akho amancane weWi-Fi osebenzisa ngokulandelana ne-2.4 GHz, thengeza ukuba uzame izindlela ezimbini (i-SSIDs) ezidingekayo kwi-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz – ngokushesha, HomeWiFi2.4GHz kwaye HomeWiFi5GHz . Ngalesi sizathatha amaxwebhu amancane we-2.4GHz kwi- HomeWiFi2.4GHz , ngaphandle kwaba amaxwebhu wonke abanye athathe HomeWiFi5GHz .

Kulungile ukubona ukuthi, ngoba iisinyalo ze-5 GHz zingakwazi yokuhlala ngendawo ephakathi kwezi zesi-2.4 GHz, ususo lwe-2.4 GHz ungakuhlela ukuhambisana ngemibuyelo yezilondolozi uma uthi ungenze izinto ezintathu nge-Wi-Fi router eshenxe . Ngakho ke, sithetha ukuba ulalela Wi-Fi router yakho noma Access Point ngendawo efanelekayo emfaneleni kumakheli nokusebenzisa Wi-Fi Access Points eziningi.

6. Sebenzisa Wi-Fi Access Points eziningi futhi hlanganise nhlanhla kwe-Ethernet . Wi-Fi iyishayamagcebo elikhulu lokuhlala kunye nokufuneka kuzohamba ngokukhangelwa ngaphandle komkhulu wehouse noma ofisi ngokusebenzisa isandla eshenxe. Iisinyalo zeWi-Fi zingakwazi ukugcina ukusuka ngaphakathi kwamabele.

Futhi, iirandi le-Wi-Fi le-5 GHz lingaphezu kwaloo le-2.4 GHz, ngakho ke ashiyele ukuba amandla aphoqoko kwe-5 GHz band ngokushesha okanye amandla aphoqoko abahlinzekelayo akusangathathwe ngokususa indawo yesikhashana noma ofisi ngumsebenzi wesandla lesiWi-Fi eshenxe. Akuya kuwo kuhlanganiswa.

Ngokugqibela ukuba umsebenzi omnye we-Wi-Fi okanye i-Access Point nge-antenna zikhezakhe ezaphandle kwaye ne-MIMO ayiqondiswa ngamandla yale ndawo ezininzi eziyindlela ezifanayo we-Wi-Fi ezilahliwe kumahluko apha ezinikezeliyo. Ngokulandelayo, siyaziwa khona ukuba uqale uphendulele lokuhlola lapho uzoba ungene amaxwebhu angaphezu kwe-Wi-Fi Access Points kunye nomphumeleyo, uqhubeke abo ngokuvumelana ne-Gigabit Ethernet .

Bheka ukuba wona amaxesha amabini we-Access Points azizange babalulekile ngamagama eminingi (SSIDs) - yintlobo elokuqaleni yayo yase-2.4 GHz kunye nothobho yase-5 GHz (ngoko kwiqhosha lembuzo elandelayo) - kodwa usebenzisa amachaneli angaphakathi akukho amandla (ngoko kwiqhosha lembuzo elandelayo). Lokho kuzokubona ukuba izinhlelweni zakho zizohamba ngokushesha kwi-Access Points ezidingekayo ngokuhle kuze kuziphatha imiphumela yokuthengiselo we-Access Points.

Ngokubheka kwezicwangciso, i-Wi-Fi extenders kunye nomesh isi-sistemu esidingekiyo, zifumana ukususa ukuqhubeka nge-Ethernet ngokusebenzisa i-Wi-Fi yemoya yesicwangciso lokuxhasa (backhaul) nokuba lapho sizathola! Ukusebenza nge-Wi-Fi akufunekako njalo ne-Gigabit Ethernet kunye nokuba kungabizwi amaninzi okanye amahopu ye-wireless (ezaziphuthuma uphawu) xa usetyenziswa amaxesha angaphezu kwezi zinto. Uma ufuna ukwamukela isistimu selandel’ umoya, shiya kuhlukelelwano mesh kunye nokugcina ukusetshenziswa kwesethelo sokuqhubeka nge-Wi-Fi. Kodwa, kungenzi le nto yokuba usebenze nge-Gigabit Ethernet yemoya yesicwangciso lokuxhasa kunye nokuba usetyenziswa imibhalo yespectrum ye-Wi-Fi. Ngenxa yokuba ezinye izindlela zezicatulo ezilula ezinewesthu ezithunyelwe, ezinakweneyisisekelo esihlanganisiweyo, ukulayisha izicatulo zi-Ethernet ayiqinileyo, xa kulayishwa ngaphandle komphakathi, akuyinto engenziyo, ngokuba uzobuya nokuphucwayo ukuba uzoyityeleza amandla. Ngakho ke, i-access points ezintsha zingafuneka kakhulu.

7. Bhala imibuzo yesicwangciso se-Wi-Fi kunye nokugcina amachannelye kunye namandla . Kuneenso esintshangayo lapho Wi-Fi! Ngenqanawe kwezi zinto ezithunyelwe WiFi ngumoya wokuqala, uqhathaniso lwakho lwesiWi-Fi luhlinzekelayo ngemibuzo engekho ngenxa yokugcina.

Ngenqanawe yezinye iindlela ezahlukene kwiindlela zakwesikampha kunye nokuhlola, ngokulandelayo, ukuya kwabantu ababheka amaxesha, ukuba kuze kubizwe imininingwane yesiWi-Fi (eyayiphi le ndlela yokusebenzela okuthile), ubungakanani bese bengekho ngenxa yokugcina kakhulu kanye nekuqaleni lokuncedisiyo.

Kwiindawo zethathweni lwakho lwesiWi-Fi, ngokusho kwindawo ethathweni lwakho lwesiWi-Fi, ngokusebenzisa amaxesha kunye nezi zinto ezifanayo, kufanele ukhuseleko lokuhlola ukuba ubungakanani bese bengekho ngenxa yokugcina kwiindlela zesiWi-Fi kunye nokusetshenziswa kweRouter yakho yesiWi-Fi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweAccess Point ukuseta indlela yesiWi-Fi engasebenziyo. Siyasetshenziswa isicatshulwa esingazivame Wi-Fi Explorer . Ukusebenzisa umbhizinisi wokuqala lokuthi uyakwazi ukubona ukuphazamisekiswa kwesentloko esekwayo kwiseva yesi-Fi yakho ngonye ngesivinini sesi-Fi. Leli lixhumanisi ukuba uqale ngokunyelelwa isivinini sasentloko esekwayo. Ukuze uqume isivinini zeWi-Fi ngokunyelelwa, dibanisa amandla akho aqhunywe kwi- Wi-Fi router okanye i-Access Point.

Ngokushesha, umthengi wamathuluzi waye wacala ukuthi imithetho yabo yayenza ukukholelwa kwezi zilayiphi, kodwa siyazi ukuthi lomno wonke aluhlola kakhulu nokuba usetyenziswa ngaphandle komsebenzi wakho.

Uma uthi uthete izinhlobo ezimbili zeWi-Fi Access Points (futhi kunene ungene ukuba uthete ngazo ngokugcina lokungcono), kufuneka ubheke ukuba kuhluke inqwelo enye yiyo ngokungqume isivinini sangenayo ngokuba angapheleleyo ngezinye.

Ngesi 2.4 GHz, zinani izichannela ezithunyelwe kwindawo, kodwa ingabe uqoke ukuthi ngoku lokho kunezicathalu ezidingekileyo (ezingavamisayo) ngezinye. Yeyiphi amanani amathathu amaphandle kwesobizo (1, 6 kunye ne-11) esihlukene ngenxa yokusebenza ngesi 2.4 GHz futhi angahlukele ngezinye. Ukubuyelekiswa okuningi kwiqhopho lwezindlela ezintathu kwiqhopho lenkululeko lemfundazwe yendawo yokugcina, yiwi-Fi ezintathu ezilungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kuchannela 1, 6 kunye ne-11.

Ngokusebenza ngesi 5 GHz, i-router/Ama-access point azivumela ngokupheleleyo yokusetshenziswa kwechaneli ngokushesha. Ngokwesobizo saseshenziwe ngaso guide sethu, I-What Realistic Speeds Will I Get With Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6?, siyazi ukuba singayithemba ukusethenziswa amanani amabili amaphandle kwesobizo (80 MHz) ngesi 5 GHz ukuvumela ama-speed we-Wi-Fi. Ukusebenzisa amandla amaningi we-access points, kufuneka usure ukuba umsebenzi wakho we-Wi-Fi usebenziseyo amachannela amadine apha Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS). Ukuba ayisebenzi, kufuneka usetshintshiswe amanani amaphandle kwesobizo (40 MHz), ukususa ama-speed.

8. Hlayisha amandla amanye we-Wi-Fi emfuthekeni wakho engenakuhlukene ngeWi-Fi yakho . Iphroji yethu elishona inqakuqa ngokubaluleka kweWi-Fi ukusuka kwamaphondo amanye. Ngoko, umthombo omncane weWi-Fi network yakho ingene ekubeni luhlaza lokungaphezulu lwakho yiWi-Fi yakho yesayithi yakho. Ukunhlaza kokuthi wi-Fi ewenza ngeemva kwezi zinto zakho, xa kunye nokuba kukho kakhulu ngaphandle kwezi zinto ezinikezayo kumaphondo amanye, iyiphikisana ngakwesentloko esikhundleni seWi-Fi.

9.Ngenisa Wi-Fi 6, okufuneka iindlela ezibonakaleyo kakhulu pakade kweWi-Fi 5 . Wi-Fi 6 yindlela eyaphakathi yeWi-Fi. Ngokugcina, amagama awalwa weWi-Fi 6 angazibekisa kakhulu, kodwa amagama amanyanga weWi-Fi 6 akhona amahle, njengomsebenzi omncane weUniFi Wi-Fi 6 Long Range Access Point waseUbiquiti. Kwiminyaka engamandla ezikhoyo zokuthola ngesicwangciso esidingiweyo nokulawula amadevayisi amanyanga, Wi-Fi 6 akwazi ukubheka ngaphezulu kweWi-Fi 5, ngekhonjululo lwezinsuku ze-920 Mbps, yini ephakathi kwesigaba seGigabit Ethernet (ngoko ke Gigabit Ethernet ayiqhuba isinqumo esizohlwayo ngenqanawe). Ngokupheleleyo, uma uneziphiwo lezigigaba lokubhaliswa kunye nomncedzo wesentloko sokusebenza imininingwane ezimbini zeAccess Points, siyazi somhlawuli ukuba uhambe ukususa kuWi-Fi 6 ukuvumela umoya wemfuthe kunye nokusebenza.

10. Andisigeze ukuba ungene ngeshiba lesithathu lesiphuzu okanye lesiphuzu lesiphephandaba lesithathu, okanye ugcine yintlango . Iindlela ezininzi, ngokugcinwa amandla aqhelekileyo, alinga ukuba ngenqanawe yiyo yicala yomphendvulo osebenzayo, ukuhambisana nomncedisi wokuvalwa kwekhonkho lokusebenza (ebizwa ngakwesiqinisekiso sesibini).

Ngesinye sokulula kunye nokulula yokuphi lemfihlakalo, isinyathelo sasemva selulekileyo sihamba ngaphandle kwezinye izicatshulwa zokuthetha ezifaneleyo kunye nokulula kunye nokulula kokuphi lemfihlakalo kunye nokulula kokuphi lemfihlakalo.

Ngokubuyisela/ukufiltera isinyathelo sokulula kwiyo yicala yomphendvulo, uvakasha ukuba isinyathelo sokulula asikuyenza ngaphandle komkhaya wakho ukuya kwiindlela eziningi zokuthetha ezifihlakalo, uzikhuthelela izinto ezinikezeka kunye nezinyathelo. Ukusuka kwento lokhu kuneengxenyeni ezininzi zokulula nokulula.

Iindlela ezintsha zahlukeneyo zimali zaziqhunyweyo iyo yicala yomphendvulo efiltirwayo, oyayiphalisa ukuthi imphendvulo kunye nokulula kufunekako ukuba ifaceplate efiltirwayo (ebizwa ngakwesiqinisekiso sesibini) ayigxilanga.

Uma awunxantathisiwe ngoku ngenxa yomphendvo wesithonjana okanye isithonjana somphendvo esebenzayo, siyazi ukuba kufuneka uqhele isithonjana somphendvo esebenzayo. Ngoko ke, ungakwenzela ukusibekela nokugcina, ubukhulu bokuthi usetyenziswa sesinye sinombuso wobroadband ofunekileyo.

11. Uma unemphendvo wesithonjana (ngaphandle), faka ifaceplate efilitshwe okanye, ngokulandelayo, sicinde ukuba usebenzise imicrofilters ngalendaweni olungaba kufuneka . Ifaceplate efilitshwe (eyayithintsha ngokuqinile kumani kunye ne-£10) – eyafitshwa ngokubona kwisebenzi somphendvo wesithonjana – iyayigcinisa ngokushesha izicwangciso zombrodband, ngokuphelele uma unezithonjana ezifundekiswayo kwedolobheni yakho. Umlilo wefaceplate ufite kwisebenzi somphendvo wesithonjana NTE5, kunye nokuziphindaphinda ukuba umbuso wobroadband angasetyenziswa ngaphandle komndeni wakho.

Ngumanye amaxesha, ukufikiswa kwe-filtered faceplate ungabulaleka ngokuthi ukuhlelo kunye neziqiniso. Kunezinto ezikhoyo ukukhethe ukuba abasebenzisi be-telephone, njengoo BT, zivumela (kwaye ngenxa yoko, zingayithandela ngokupheleleyo) izicatshulwa zo-use filtered faceplate. Ukubona okungakhothethwa ngokusemva kwento yokufikiswa kwe-filtered faceplate nguqukethe apha awunene ukufaka amicrofilters esinye sinomntu.

Ukuba ungene use-filtered faceplate okanye umaster socket olufiltered ngemvume (elichazwanga lapha) (kwaye angaze akufuneki ukuba uzange usenze), kuhluke kulula ukuba ufikelele i-microfilter kwi-soketi sakwesekasi sonye esihlanganisweni lakho lokuhlala ndawonina (njengamanani, amasitop box kunye ne-systems zakujabulela).

Ukuba uthola umbuzo omphumeleyo kunye nokugcwalayo ukuyimiselwa kwe-speeds, ukufikiswa kwe-filtered faceplate ifanelekileyo yini labantu abaningi. Yinto engaziqondisiyo.

12. Thumbele imodi yesetyenziselo sendaweni yakho yesoketi sakwesekasi kunye nokuxoxwa nge-cable yesetyenziselo elincinci. . Imininingwane ezasebenzayo kwi-ADSL/ADSL2+ kunye ne-VDSL2 ngokulandelana nokuphakamisana ngeemoduli yomthombo wokuqala okanye emasendle angaphandle kwesikhephe sithunywa.

Kwiindawo ezinikelweyo nokuncedisi, zingabalela ukuba zikhona imigomo esincinci lokuthi leli linethemba lokuhlula ngokubanzi: uphumelela amandla (njengekhonjululo lwe-‘target SNR margin’), kunye nokuthi uhlalela ukungena (ukungenzeka) (ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wesicwangciso ‘interleaving’).

Ngoku akukho nto ongaze ukuzityela lokugcina uhlobo lwemoduli kusendle esihlangene nesikhephe sithunywa kusuka kwi-exchange okanye kwindawo yokusebenza esitsheleleyo kwiqhakambeni lwesikhephe sithunywa lwakho, kodwa u injamu uqonda ukuba ungazityela lokugcina uhlobo lwemoduli phakathi kwebhulu elibizwa njalo kunye nomodi yakho.

Kufuneka uvumele omodi yakho ngaphandle kwebhulu elibizwa njalo kunye nokuhlanganisa nomodi yakho nobhulu elibizwa njalo ngecable yesiqhutywa esebenza ngokuqinileyo. Kufuneka kakhulu ukuba usetyenziswa amacable amanani aphandle komodi yakho kunye nobhulu elibizwa njalo (ngokudibanisa ukuthi uvumele omodi yakho kwindawo efanayo).

Kuyinto engaziqhenya ukuba u ngazange cungula modem yakho kwi-socket yethile; ngokulandel’ ukuba cungule modem yakho kwi-socket yesithathu. Siyazi ukuthi, ngokuphelele ukuba usebenzisa hub elonakalisiyo, kufuneka lapho uqale umthwalo wakho (ngokumbi ukubhala ikhompiyutha ephakathi nge-Ethernet okanye ukwenza WiFi coverage enye yemigwaqo). Ngoko, uma ususa le nto, iziphumo zingazixhasa ngokukhawulekile.

Uma uncedise ukuba uzame WiFi coverage emigwaqeni, sebenzisa i-Wi-Fi Access Point efanelekayo okanye, uma uncedise ukuba ulinde amandla kwe-Ethernet, sebenzisa ibhoksi etholi yezililo ezinamandla. Ngoko, ndiza ukuba ususe iziphumo zakho ezikhawulekileyo ngokubona ukuthi ususa le nto.

13. Phumula ama-DNS look-ups ngokuzama ukukhetha amasayithi a-DNS akusetyenziswa kunye nezi zikhulu ze-speed . Ngenxa yokuba ufaka igama lesayithi kwebrauzha wakho okanye uvula inkxaso entsha, kufuneka le gama lisetyenziswa phambi kokuba lihlale kwindawo iphuzu le-IP lokugcina ukuba amaxesha awenziwe.

Umlinganiso womkhonto ofumanekayo ukuba kuhlukele ukubhala kwephasi lewebhu, ngokusho ukuba iDNS server zeISP yakho zifuna nokulandelana okanye zihamba ngaphambi komntu omkhulu ngenxa yokugcina. Ungayiqinisekisa phakathi kakhulu uphawu lokusebenza ngokusetshenziswa isethiwe yesithuthi lesikhombisa esebenza ngePublic DNS servers njengeGoogle (8.8.4.4 kunye ne-8.8.8.8), Cloudflare (1.1.1.1 okanye 1.0.0.1) okanye Open DNS (208.67.222.222 kunye ne-208.67.220.220).

14. Ukukhompha kwisebeleselo lwebuffer bloat ngokusetshenziswa umsebenzi wesikhephe somncedisi wesentloko esihlukeneyo kwi-router yakho. . Isibheleselo soku-bloat siyindawo enkulu ethunywa ngamandla abantu ababhenethi ngonyaka nangokuze abanye babenziwe ngokuphi ndawo.

I-Bufferbloat ngumoya wesithathu ukukhangelwa (ukungaphandle kwezantsi) emva kwezikhatsi ezinethutheni kunye nesibonelo sokuqala lokusebenza xa iindlela zokulayisha eziphumayo (njengemovhi yokuvela umbhalo, ukuhlola amafayela, ukuhlola online kunye nokulayishwa kweziqhawu) zizama ukuba zikhuphe izeyintloko nezingane ezikhandzeniweyo kanye nokusuka kakhulu kwekhangelwa (ping) kweziindlela ezisetshenziswa ngalinye ilizwe, uzoba ungene ukubhekisisa isenzo sokusebenza kwabo. Lokhu kungaba ngokusho ukuba imisilo elincinci elihamba ngomoya wendlela (ngokudibanisa, imisilo ye-VoIP, i-DNS look-ups kunye ne-TCP ACK acknowledgments) zingakabika kwi-buffers kweziindlela zokuhlobonisa phakathi komisilo omncinci kunye nomisilo omkhulu ekuxhaswe nevideo kunye nokulayisha amafayela.

Amanani aphantsi akhupha umoya wesithathu wamagame online, uzoba ubhalelise ukufunda kweesiwebhuni kunye nokuba ubhekisisa izidingo ezidingana noma ukukhangelwa.

15. Ukuba ungakwazi ukufikelela standard broadband (ADSL/ADSL2+), faka imodi yesayithi oyingene ukuba uyavula ‘target SNR margin’ ukubuyekeza isithutho sesayithi. . Ukuba uthintela ngokwesobizo somsebenzi wokuqala, akukho into eyayiphatheka kunye nokuba kube ngeenkcukacha ezikhulu eziphakamisayo kwiimodem zokusukelela amandla amakhulu okanyekezelwa kwisebe. Izinyawo ezifanekiso ezinje zimodem zingabizwa ukusetyenziswa lweencane lokuphakama leenkxaso.

Ngokushesha usetshentlwayo imodem engasetyenziswa lencane lokuhlola lokhu, ungavumelana ukuba uzityipha isithuthi sokugcwalisa ngokuhlukeleleyo i-Mbps okanye kuwo ngaphandle komphendulo wesithuthi. Ukuba ungene ngemva komphendulo wesithuthi, isisebenziso sakho singatholakala ukubenza ngemali yezilondolozi ze-SNR kunye nokuba uza kufika i-speed iphakamisekileyo eminini ye-Mbps.

Kunokuba ngoko, ukuba ungakwazi ukuyibuyeleya kubuchwephesha (30+ Mbps) okanye kubuchwephesha phambili (100+ Mbps), siyazi ukuba sithetha ukuba ufune ukwenza lo nto. I-broadband ebuchwephesha iyafuneka ngonyaka olungabangeli eliphambili eSaseya kwizikhaliphi ezihlanganyeliwe neziqhosha ezi-95%.

16. Ukuba ungayazi ukusebenzisa ubuchwephesha omsebenzi wokuqala, shiya i-ADSL2+ ngaphandle kokucacileyo i-ADSL esikhundleni sokuthi uzoba umthakathi we-BT . i-ADSL eziqhamo lokulayisha – okugcinwe ngonyaka 2000, inguqulelwe ngokuqondile kwi-99.8% yamatshini nezinhlangano zase-UK, kungene amandla amaphutha we-download uphindo lwe-8 Mbps. Ngoba i-broadband elingasetyenziswa ngokuphiwa nge-khabhesi, imininingwane apho inqanawa kususela kwindawo yokushintsha, ezifunyeneyo zisusa ngqo ndawonke.

17. Funa ukuyibuyeleya iindlela zakho ezikhoyo (njengesi-Wi-Fi router yakho) . Imandla yesiqhamo esizenza kungapheli kakhulu kungenani nokuba ngenqanawe yesiqhamo sakho kunye nokuba ngenqanawe zakho ezisetshenziswa.

Ngokubanzi, uma ungenze ukuqala ngamandla ephakathi kwezinto zomthetho ezifanekiso (ngokushesha, isitayithi sesiWi-Fi esebenzelwe ngalandelini elingezantsi kwisicelo sokuphucula esisebenzisa) kunye nomoya omkhulu wosetyenziswa wakho, akukho noma imva yokuqala yakho okungabangako. Ngokuhlola ukuthi ukusuka kuhle kube ngaphandle komsebenzi, kunezinye izityalo ezinikezelayo ezinceda ukuba uhlale kubo ngazo amandla abaningi.